"Similar to a biological pandemic, the economic earthquake is defined as a crisis produced by an external shock, i.e. as the sudden and unanticipated change that is the consequence of an exogenous element that pushed the global economy out of its ‘normal’ cycle. Both the virus carried by bats that jumps into the human species and the lockdown of whole countries that jumps into the global supply chain equilibrium are thus described as unexpected and unpredictable events."

"There is nothing external and symmetrical in the global economic downturn"